Landmarks are keys that can help you plot your path from beginning to end when drawing the human figure. Whether you start drawing using the head or the torso or the leg, these points can help you lock down positions when you are constructing your figure.
ランドマークは、
頭部、胴体、脚のどこから描画を開始する場合でも、
THE TORSO (Front)
胴体（前面）
胴体（前面）
The torso is my favorite place to start since it determines so much about the figure.
As noted in the diagram the 10th rib, and the points of the iliac crest on the pelvis are excellent points to use.
What's great about these two points is that they can help show how the body is twisting or bending in space.
私は人体についての情報がたくさん含まれている、
上図から分かるように、第十肋骨（10th rib）と、骨盤の腸骨稜（ちょうこつりょう：iliac crest）は大きな手掛かりです。
この2つのランドマークの素晴らしいところは、
As noted in the diagram the 10th rib, and the points of the iliac crest on the pelvis are excellent points to use.
What's great about these two points is that they can help show how the body is twisting or bending in space.
私は人体についての情報がたくさん含まれている、
上図から分かるように、第十肋骨（10th rib）と、骨盤の腸骨稜（ちょうこつりょう：iliac crest）は大きな手掛かりです。
この2つのランドマークの素晴らしいところは、
The sternum and the 10th rib points form a "Y" form on the front of the body. The distance between all these all basically the same length.
Note in the first torso illustration, the two points on the iliac crest are helpful for determining the center of the body by drawing a triangle down, and a line upwards from below the pubic arch. This will always give you the perfect position of the navel.
胸骨（sternum）と第十肋骨（10th rib）は、胴体前面にある"Ｙ"字です。
最初のイラストの腸骨稜（iliac crest）を見てください。
Note in the first torso illustration, the two points on the iliac crest are helpful for determining the center of the body by drawing a triangle down, and a line upwards from below the pubic arch. This will always give you the perfect position of the navel.
胸骨（sternum）と第十肋骨（10th rib）は、胴体前面にある"Ｙ"字です。
最初のイラストの腸骨稜（iliac crest）を見てください。
TORSO (Rear)
胴体（後面）
胴体（後面）
The 7th Cervical Vertebra is the small bump at the base of your neck. This is the position where the neck ends and the spine begins to curve in the opposite direction.
第七頸椎（7th Cervical Vertebra）は、背中側の首の付け根にある出っ張りです。
The scapula on the left and right side of the body are excellent landmarks as well as the lower part of the torso's sacrum which holds the "Dimples of Venus" .
背中の左右の肩甲骨、胴の下部の仙骨（左右の上部に、
第七頸椎（7th Cervical Vertebra）は、背中側の首の付け根にある出っ張りです。
The scapula on the left and right side of the body are excellent landmarks as well as the lower part of the torso's sacrum which holds the "Dimples of Venus" .
背中の左右の肩甲骨、胴の下部の仙骨（左右の上部に、
ARMS and LEGS
腕と脚
Arms and legs can be handled rhythmically. However, if more anatomy is to be applied it can be handled as a series of interlocking shapes.
The arm I drew here are a little idealized but it is good to know what muscles are working underneath.
腕と脚は、リズムを優先して描くこともできます。一方、
私が描いた腕の例（下のイラスト）は、やや抽象化していますが、
Note how the forces of the deltoid (1), go into into the bicep (2), go into the elbow (3) into the supinator of the forearm (4) and finally out the wrist (5).
フォースの流れは三角筋（1）から二頭筋（2）に向かい、肘（
In the leg in its simplest form can be handled from the curve of the outside of the leg (1) to the inside of the knee (2), to the outside of the calf muscle (3) out to the inside and outside peaks of the ankle (4 and 5) and out to the curve behind the big toe (6).
The sartorius muscle and the tensor fasciae latae create a useful upside down V shape that straddles the quadricep muscles.
脚を最もシンプルに描画すると、一連のカーブの流れになります。
縫工筋（sartorius muscle）と大腿筋膜張筋（tensor fasciae latae）は逆V字型をなし、その下に大腿四頭筋（
Please remember these are just landmarks to help you get from start to finish in an easier way. Don't be a slave to anatomy. These are just tools to help support the gesture and design of your drawing.
ランドマークを知っていると、人体を楽に描けるようになります。
I have included some artist examples in fine art, illustration and cartooning. Can you locate where the landmarks are?
以下にいくつか、古典手法の絵画、イラスト、
Have fun drawing!
ドローイングを楽しんでください！
Glenn Vilppu
グレン・ビルプ
グレン・ビルプ
Alex Ross
アレックス・ロス
Glen Keane
グレン・キーン
Frank Frazetta
フランク・フラゼッタ
Peter Paul Rubens
ピーテル・パウル・ルーベンス
